Ebook Texas Terror: The Slave Insurrection Panic of 1860 and the Secession of the Lower South (Conflicting Worlds: New Dimensions of the American
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Texas Terror: The Slave Insurrection Panic of 1860 and the Secession of the Lower South (Conflicting Worlds: New Dimensions of the American
Ebook Texas Terror: The Slave Insurrection Panic of 1860 and the Secession of the Lower South (Conflicting Worlds: New Dimensions of the American
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On July 8, 1860, fire destroyed the entire business section of Dallas, Texas. At about the same time, two other fires damaged towns near Dallas. Early reports indicated that spontaneous combustion was the cause of the blazes, but four days later, Charles Pryor, editor of the Dallas Herald, wrote letters to editors of pro-Democratic newspapers, alleging that the fires were the result of a vast abolitionist conspiracy, the purpose of which was to devastate northern Texas and free the region's slaves. White preachers from the North, he asserted, had recruited local slaves to set the fires, murder the white men of their region, and rape their wives and daughters. These sensational allegations set off an unprecedented panic that extended throughout the Lone Star State and beyond. In Texas Terror, Donald E. Reynolds offers a deft analysis of these events and illuminates the ways in which this fictionalized conspiracy determined the course of southern secession immediately before the Civil War.
As Reynolds explains, all three fires probably resulted from a combination of extreme heat and the presence of new, and highly volatile, phosphorous matches in local stores. But from July until mid-September, vigilantes from the Red River to the Gulf of Mexico charged numerous whites and blacks with involvement in the alleged conspiracy and summarily hanged many of them. Southern newspapers reprinted lurid stories of the alleged abolitionist plot in Texas, and a spate of similar panics occurred in other states. States-rights Democrats asserted that the Republican Party had given tacit approval, if not active support, to the abolitionist scheme, and they repeatedly cited the "Texas Troubles" as an example of what would happen throughout the South if Lincoln were elected president. After Lincoln's election, secessionists charged that all who opposed immediate secession were inviting abolitionists to commit unspeakable depredations. Secessionists used this argument, as Reynolds clearly shows, with great effectiveness, particularly where there was significant opposition to immediate secession.
Mining a rich vein of primary sources, Reynolds demonstrates that secessionists throughout the Lower South created public panic for a purpose: preparing a traditionally nationalistic region for withdrawal from the Union. Their exploitation of the "Texas Troubles," Reynolds asserts, was a critical and possibly decisive factor in the Lower South's decision to leave the Union of their fathers and form the Confederacy.
- Sales Rank: #2062090 in eBooks
- Published on: 2007-12-01
- Released on: 2007-12-01
- Format: Kindle eBook
About the Author
Donald E. Reynolds is the author of Editors Make War: Southern Newspapers in the Secession Crisis and Professor Mayo's College: A History of East Texas State University. Professor emeritus of history at Texas A&M, Commerce, he lives in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Most helpful customer reviews
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
The match(es) that started the Civil War?
By S. J. Snyder
Donald Reynolds shines a long-deserved spotlight on what may have been an incendiary set of events to start the Civil War, a series of events neglected even by Texas regional historians.
By midsummer 1860, Southern "fire-eaters" such as R.B. Rhett and W.L. Yancey despaired of getting more mileage out of John Brown.
Then, in the midst of a scorching, bone-dry Texas summer with the thermometer hitting 110 at times, a series of fires in the Dallas area provided new spark for secessionists.
The fires all were mid-afternoon, an unlikely time for arson. In fact, Reynolds shows that writers of the time warned about "Lucifers," the new phosphorus-compounded matches, having a tendency to spontaneously combust in hot weather.
But, secessionists in Texas soon saw an opportunity, and ran with it. A number of blacks in the state were hung; so, too were some northern whites, including a minister from the northern Methodist Church. (Methodism's main body in the U.S. split in 1844, in part over the slavery issue.)
The Texas "arsons" were cited by Rhett, Yancey, Edmund Ruffin and others as the advance guard of "Black Republicanism," despite that party's disavowal of abolitionism.
Would the Civil War still have happened if Lincoln were elected, but without the Texas branch of fire-eaters spreading the "arson" myth? Well, Reynolds throws a little counterfactual history in his epilogue, with a couple of different scenarios.
If you're a Civil War buff, you'll want to look at this book.
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
most informative
By Michael Clark
This book brings to the forefront a very little known set of facts that puts an entirely plausible set of scenarios in place during this time frame in history. The factual research and background work done by the author is astounding and very well put together. Dr Reynolds' first book, "Editor's Make War" is equally well put together.
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
A Witch Hunt that Rivals Salem
By Jim Schmidt
This was an xcellent book. I had read backgrounds of the "Texas Troubles" in two other excellent books - "An Empire of Slavery" (about Texas and slavery) and "Tainted Breeze" (about the Gainesville, TX hangings of 1862) - but not in this much detail.
In a systematic way, the author details the fires of the long, hot summer of 1860 in North Texas; the heightened tensions about slave insurrections in the wake of 1859's John Brown raid; the quick lynching of three enslaved African-Americans in punishment.
And then it gets even more interesting and brutal...in th emain, the book is about two things: 1) vigilante justice...at least the the Salem Witch Trials were often in public with the semblance of a court...retributions - hangings, whippings, beatings, and expulsions of whites and slaves were done outside of the law and in secret and 2) the fanning of the flames by fire-eating newspaper editors intent on using the purported panic to fan the flames of secessionist fervor in Texas and throughout the South.
The most interesting chapter was on the hanging of the Rev. Anthony Bewley and the forged letter that led to the hangings.
The author warps up withhow the sustained newsof the supposed and widespread fires and poisonings fueld the secession.
If there are any criticism the are few: perhaps some light editing could have been done...the author often uses a dozen examples to make a point where a few would do; while he does discuss the "memory" of the panic in the late 1800s and early 1900s, he doesn;t address whether/why attempts were made to brings the vigilantes to justice...on the other hand, he does make the point that the members of the various "vigilance" and "safety" committees were kept secret.
The reserch is exceptional and will launch many more hours of reading for me as I collect some of the accounts in the Bibliography.
This should be a wake up call to people who rely too much on a one-sided media (either side) and in ideological purity...as one person states in the books: "Why am I being expelled from Texas"...with the answer: "because you are from Ohio." It's funny, because it's true.
Every Texan should read this book about a sorry and sad past.
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